currently under review [4]

[73] Mamonova, E., K. Herbst, V. Kofman, et al. Stellar flare-driven evolution of primordial exo-Earth atmospheres: Insights from a Young M Dwarf Flare model, under rev. Astron. Astrophys.

[72] Engelbrecht, N. E. and K. Herbst, On stellar cycle-related cosmic ray modulation effects in the astrosphere of Proxima Centauri, under rev. JSWSC

[71] Dalla, S., K. Herbst, R. Muscheler, M. Owens, Radiation doses during extreme solar energetic particle events, under rev. at Philosophical Transactions A

[70] Atri, D., C. MacArthur, S. Devata, K. Herbst, et al., Crewed Missions to Mars: Modeling the Impact of Astrophysical Charged Particles on Astronauts and Their Health, under rev., manuscript available at ArXiv.

2026 [1]

[69] Engelbrecht, N. E., K. Herbst, K. Scherer et al., Particle transport from first principles in the early heliosphere: kappa1 Ceti as a case study for the young Sun, accepted 24/12/2025 at ApJ

2025 [7]

[68] Mamonova, E., A. Kowalski, K. Herbst, et al., Young M dwarfs flare activity model: towards better exoplanetary atmospheric characterisation, forthcoming paper at Astron. Astrophys. Preprint available on ArXiv.

[67] Grenfell, J. L., B. Taysum, I. Van Zelst, et al., Responses of Climate and Atmospheric Biosignatures on Earth-like Planets and Detectability with the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE), accepted at MNRAS, staf1878, in press.

[66] Rauer, H., C. Aerts, J. Cabrera, et al. The PLATO mission, Exp Astron 59, 26.

[65] Herbst, K., E. M. Amazo-Gomez, and A. Papaioannou, Comparing the Sun to Sun-like stars. On the importance of addressing faculae/spot domination, Astron. Astrophys. 697, A80. Preprint available on ArXiv.

[64] Herbst, K. and A. Papaioannou, Estimating solar radiation environment extremes, Astron. Astrophys. 696, A63. Preprint available on ArXiv.

[63] Light, J., N.E. Engelbrecht, K. Herbst, K. Scherer, On the 3D transport of galactic cosmic rays in a selection of exoplanet-hosting astrospheres: The influence of stellar rotation, MNRAS, 537, 2.

[62] Scherer, K. K. Herbst, N.E. Engelbrecht, S.E.S Ferreira, J. Kleimann, and J. Light, Modeling the astrosphere of LHS 1140 – On the differences of 3D (M)HD single- and multifluid simulations and the consequences for exoplanetary habitability, Astron. Astrophys., 694, A106.

2024 [10]

[61] Glauser, A. et al. The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): a space mission for mid-infrared nulling interferometry, Proceedings Volume 13095, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging IX, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, available here

[60] Papaioannou, A., K. Herbst, T. Ramm, D. Lario, and A. Veronig, Revisiting Empirical Solar Energetic Particle Scaling Relations. II Coronal Mass Ejections, forthcoming at Astron. Astrophys., 690, A60. Preprint available on ArXiv.

[59] Herbst, K., K. Scherer, N.E. Engelbrecht, J. Light, F. Effenberger, S.E.S. Ferreira, H. Fichtner, J. Kleimann, and R.D.T. Strauss, Astrospheres of planet-forming cool stars and their impact on exoplanetary habitability, Proceedings IAU Symposium 388 (Solar and Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections). accepted on 24/07/2024

[58] Rodriguez L. , D. Shukhobodskaia, A. Niemela, A. Maharana, E.Samara , C. Verbeke, J. Magdalenic, R. Vansintjan, M. Mierla, C. Scolini, R. Sarkar, E. Kilpua, E. Asvestari, K. Herbst, G. Lapenta, A.D. Chaduteau, J. Pomoell, S. Poedts, Validation of EUHFORIA cone and spheromak coronal mass ejection models, Astron. Astrophys. 689, A187. Preprint available here.

[57] Owens, M. J., L. A. Barnard, R. Muscheler, K. Herbst, M. Lockwood, I. Usoskin, and E. Asvestari, A Geomagnetic Estimate of Heliospheric Modulation Potential Over the Last 175 Years, Sol Phys 299, 84 (open access)

[56] Walter, M., C. Gnebner, B. Heber, K. Herbst, et al., Measurements of cosmic rays by a mini-neutron monitor at Neumayer III from 2014 to 2017, accepted (17/04/2024), Space Weather, 22, e2023SW003596 (open access)

[55] Schrön, M., D. Rasche, J. Weimar, M. O. Köhli, K. Herbst, B. Boehrer, L. Hertle, S. Kögler, and S. Zacharias, Buoy-based detection of low-energy cosmic-ray neutrons to monitor the influence of atmospheric, geomagnetic, and heliospheric effects, Earth and Space Science, 11, e2023EA003483 (open access)

[54] Nilsson, A., L. Nguyen, S. Panovska, K. Herbst, M. Zheng, N. Suttie, and R. Muscheler, Holocene solar activity inferred from global and hemispherical cosmic-ray proxy records, Nat. Geosci. 17, 654–659 (open access)

[53] Engelbrecht, E. N., K. Herbst, R. D. T. Strauss, K. Scherer, J. Light, and K. Moloto, On the Comprehensive 3D Modelling of the Radiation Environment of Proxima Centauri b: a New Constraint on Habitability?, ApJ, 964:89 (open access)

[52] Herbst, K., A. Bartenschlager, J. L. Grenfell, N. Iro, M. Sinnhuber, B. Taysum, F. Wunderlich, N. E. Engelbrecht, J. Light, K. Moloto, H. Rauer, and F. Schreier, Impact of Cosmic Rays on Atmospheric Ion Chemistry and Spectral Transmission Features of TRAPPIST-1e, ApJ, 961:164 (open access)

2023 [5]

[51] Winant, A., V. Pierrard, E. Botek, and K. Herbst, The atmospheric influence on cosmic ray induced ionization and absorbed dose rates, Universe, 9(12), 502.

[50] Strauss, D. T., F. Effenberger, S. Lotz, K.Herbst, H. Krüger, and C. Diedericks, First results of the SA Agulhas II mobile mini-neutron monitor : Instrumental characterization and environmental sensitivity, in: NMDB@Athens: Proceedings of the Hybrid Symposium on Cosmic Ray Studies with Neutron Detectors, September 26-30, 2022, Cosmic Ray Studies with Neutron Detectors. pp. 157–169.

[49] Sterken, V. J., S. Hunziker, K. Dialynas, K. Herbst, et al., Synergies between interstellar dust and heliospheric science with an Interstellar Probe, RAS Techniques and Instruments, 2, 1, 532-547

[48] Adolphi, F., K. Herbst, A. Nilsson, and S. Panovska, On the polar bias in ice core 10Be data, JGR:Atmospheres, 128, e2022JD038203.

[47] Papaioannou, A., K. Herbst T. Ramm, et al., Revisiting Empirical Solar Energetic Particle Scaling Relations I. Solar flares, Astron. Astrophys., 671, A66, preprint available at ArXiv.

2022 [9]

[46] Sterken, V. J., L. R. Baalmann, B. T. Draine, E. Godenko, K. Herbst, et al., Dust in and Around the Heliosphere and Astrospheres, Space Sci. Rev., 218:71 (open access).

[45] Light, J., S.E.S. Ferreira, N.E. Engelbrecht, K. Scherer, and K. Herbst, On the numerical modeling of astrospheres, including those of Luminous Blue Variable stars, and the modulation of cosmic rays within, MNRAS, stac2312.

[44] Herbst, K., L. Baalmann, A. Bykov, N. E. Engelbrecht, S. E. S. Ferreira, V. V. Izmodenov, S. Korolkov, K. P. Levenfish, J. L. Linsky, D. M.-A. Meyer, K. Scherer and R. D. T. Strauss, Astrospheres of Planet-Hosting Cool Stars and Beyond – When Modeling Meets Observations, Space Sci. Rev., 218:29 (open access).

[43] Mallios, S. A., A. Papaioannou, K. Herbst, G. Papangelis, G. Hloupis, Study of the Ground Level Enhancements Effect on Atmospheric Electric Properties and Mineral Dust Particle Charging, JASTP, 105871.

[42] Engelbrecht, N. E., A. Vogt, K. Herbst, D. T. Strauss, A. Burger, Revisiting the Revisited Palmer Consensus: New Insights from Jovian Electron Transport, ApJ, 929, 8. (open access)

[41] Papaioannou, A., A. Kouloumvakos, A. Mishev, R. Vainio, I. Usoskin, K. Herbst, et al., The First Ground Level Enhancement of Solar Cycle 25 on 28 October 2021, Astron. Astrophys., 660, L5, preprint available at ArXiv.

[40] Grenfell, J. L., F. Wunderlich, M. Sinnhuber, K. Herbst, et al., Atmospheric processes affecting methane on Mars, ICARUS, 114940, preprint available at ArXiv.

[39] Vogt, A., N. E. Engelbrecht, B. Heber, A. Kopp, and K. Herbst, Numerical and experimental evidence for a new interpretation of residence times in space, Astron. Astrophys., 657, A39, preprint available at ArXiv.

[38] Herbst, K., J. L. Grenfell, M. Sinnhuber, and F. Wunderlich, INCREASE – An updated model suite to study the INfluence of Cosmic Rays on Exoplanetary AtmoSpherEs, Astron. Nachr., 343, e210072 (open access)

2021 [5]

[37] Mekhaldi, F., F. Adolphi, K. Herbst, and R. Muscheler, The Signal of Solar Storms Embedded in Cosmogenic Radionuclides: Detectability and Uncertainties, JGR (Space Res.), 126, 8.

[36] Caprotti, A., M. Brüdern, S. Burmeister, B. Heber, and K. Herbst, Yield Function of the DOSimetry TELescope Count and Dose Rates Aboard the International Space Station, Space Weather, 19, e2020SW002510.

[35] Airapetian, V. S., et al., The Impact of Extreme Space Weather on The Rise of Biomolecules: Early Earth and exo-Earth environments, White Paper in response to the Decadal Survey on Planetary Science and Astrobiology, Bulletin of the AAS.

[34] Belov, A., A. Papaioannou, M. Abunina, M. Dumbovic, I. G. Richardson, B. Heber, P. Kühl, K. Herbst, A. Anastasiadis, A. Vourlidas, E. Eroshenko, and A. Abunin, On the Rigidity Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Variations within Propagating Interplanetary Disturbances: Neutron Monitor and SOHO/EPHIN Observations at ∼1–10 GV, ApJ, 908, 5.

[33] Herbst, K., A. Papaioannou, V. S. Airapetian, and D. Atri, From Starspots to Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections – Revisiting Empirical Stellar Relations, ApJ, 907, 89. Preprint available at ArXiv.

2020 [9]

[32] Poedts, S., A. Lani, C. Scolini, et al., EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset 2.0, JSWSC, 10, 57.

[31] Vogt, A., N. E. Engelbrecht, R. D. Strauss, B. Heber, A. Kopp, and K. Herbst, On the residence-time of Jovian electrons in the inner heliosphere, Astron. Astrophys., 642, A170.

[30] Strauss, R. D. T., S. Poluianov, C. van der Merwe, et al., The mini-neutron monitor: A new approach in neutron monitor design, JSWSC, 10, 39.

[29] Scheucher, M., F. Wunderlich, J. L. Grenfell, M. Godolt, F. Schreier, D. Kappel, R. Haus, K. Herbst, and H. Rauer, Consistently Simulating a Wide Range of Atmospheric Scenarios for K2-18b with a Flexible Radiative Transfer Module, Astrophys. J., 898, 1.

[28] Scheucher, M., K. Herbst, V. Schmidt, J. L. Grenfell, F. Schreier, B. Heber, H. Rauer, and M. Sinnhuber, Proxima Centauri b: A Strong Case for including Cosmic Ray induced Chemistry in Atmospheric Biosignature Studies, Astrophys. J., 893, 1.

[27] Herbst, K., K. Scherer, S.E.S. Ferreira, L. R. Baalmann, E. N. Engelbrecht, H. Fichtner, J. Kleimann, R.D.T. Strauss, D. Moeketsi, and S. Mohamed, On the Diversity of M-Star astrospheres and the Role of Galactic Cosmic Rays Within, ApJ Letters, 897, 2, preprint available at ArXiv.

[26] Airapetian, V., R. Barnes, O. Cohen, G. A. Collinson, W. C. Danchi, et al., Impacts of Space Weather on Climate and Habitability of Terrestrial Type Exoplanets, Internat. J. of Astrobiol., 19, 2, 136-194.

[25] Scherer, K., L. R. Baalmann, H. Fichtner, J. Kleimann, D. J. Bomans, K. Weis, S.E.S. Ferreira, and K. Herbst, MHD-shock structures of astrospheres: l Cephei-like astrospheres, MNRAS, 493, 3, 4172-4185.

[24] Herbst, K., S. Banjac, D. Atri, and T. A. Nordheim, Revisiting the cosmic-ray induced Venusian radiation dose in the context of habitability, Astron. Astrophys, 633, A15.

2019 [9]

[23] Banjac, S., B. Heber, K. Herbst, L. Berger, and S. Burmeister, On-the-fly calculation of absorbed and equivalent atmospheric radiation dose in a water phantom with the Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS), J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.), 124, 9774-9790.

[22] Herbst, K., J. L. Grenfell, M. Sinnhuber, H. Rauer, B. Heber, et al., Determining the Influence of Cosmic Rays on (Exo)planetary Atmospheric Biosignatures – Validation of a self-consistent model chain on the exoplanet Earth, Astron. Astrophys, 631, A101.

[21] Dumbović, M., J. Guo, M. Temmer, M. L. Mays, A. Veroning, et al., Unusual plasma and particle signatures at Mars and STEREO-A related to CME-CME interaction, Astrophys. J., 880, 1.

[20] Papaioannou, A., A. Belov, M. Abunina, J. Guo, A. Anastasiadis, et al., A catalogue of Forbush decreases recorded on the surface of Mars from 2012 until 2016: comparison with terrestrial FDs, Solar Phys., 294:66.

[19] Banjac, S., S. Burmeister, J. Guo, B. Heber, K. Herbst, et al., Absorbed dose in space due to GCR up to Z=28 – The impact of phantom size, shape, composition and solar modulation, J. Space Weather Space Climate, 9, A14.

[18] Herbst, K., S. Banjac, T. A. Nordheim, Revisiting the cosmic-ray induced Venusian ionization with the Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS), Astron. Astrophys, 624, A124.

[17] Herbst, K., A. Papaioannou, S. Banjac, and B. Heber, From Solar to Stellar Characteristics – A new Peak Size Distribution for G-, K- and M-Dwarf Star Flares, Astron. Astrophys, 621, A67.

[16] Guo, J., S. Banjac, L. Röstel, J. C. Terasa, K. Herbst, et al., Implementation and validation of the GEANT4/AtRIS code to model the radiation environment at Mars, Space Weather Space Clim., 9, A2.

[15] Banjac, S., K. Herbst, and B. Heber, The Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS) – Description and Validation, J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.), 124, 50-67.

2018 [2]

[14] Cliver, E. W. and K. Herbst, Evolution of the Sunspot Number and Solar Wind B Time Series, Space Sci. Rev., 214, 56.

[13] Heber, B., N. Agueda, R. Bütikofer, D. Galsdorf, K. Herbst, P. Kühl, J. Labrenz, and R. Vainio, Inversion Methodology of Ground Level Enhancements, In: Malandraki, O., Crosby, N. (eds) Solar Particle Radiation Storms Forecasting and Analysis. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 444. Springer.

2017 [2]

[12] Gieseler, J., B. Heber, and K. Herbst, An Empirical Modification of the Force Field Approach to Describe the Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays Close to Earth in a Broad Range of Rigidities, J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.), 122, 10,964–10,979.

[11] Herbst, K., R. Muscheler, and B. Heber, The new local interstellar spectra and their influence on the production rates of the cosmogenic radionuclides 10Be and 14C, J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.), 122, 23–34.

2016 [1]

[10] Muscheler, R., F. Adolphi, K. Herbst, and A. Nilsson, The Revised Sunspot Record in Comparison to Cosmogenic Radionuclide-Based Solar Activity Reconstructions, Solar Phys., 291, 3025–3043.

2015 [1]

[09] Heber, B., C. Wallmann, D. Galsdorf, K. Herbst, P. Kühl, M. Dumbovic, B. Vrsnac, A. Veroning, M. Temmer, C. Möstl, and S. Dalla, Forbush Decreases Associated to Stealth Coronal Mass Ejections, Cent. Eur. Astrophys. Bull., 39, 1, 75-82.

2013 [4]

[08] Herbst, K., A. Kopp, and B. Heber, Influence of the terrestrial magnetic field geometry on the cutoff rigidity of cosmic ray particles, Ann. Geophys., 31, 1637-1643.

[07] Matthiä, D., K. Herbst, B. Heber, T. Berger, and G. Reitz, 10Be Production in the Atmosphere by Galactic Cosmic Rays, Space Sci. Rev., 176, 333–342.

[06] Herbst, K., Interaction of Cosmic Rays with the Earth’s Magnetosphere and Atmosphere – Modeling the Cosmic Ray Induced Ionization and the Production of Cosmogenic Radionuclides, Dissertation, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, available here.

[05] Fichtner, H., B. Heber, K. Herbst, A. Kopp, and K. Scherer, Solar Activity, the Heliosphere, Cosmic Rays and their Impact on the Earth’s Atmosphere, in: Lübken, FJ. (eds) Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES). Springer Atmospheric Sciences. Springer, Dordrecht.

2012 [1]

[04] Herbst, K., B. Heber, A. Kopp, O. Sternal, and F. Steinhilber, The Local Interstellar Spectrum beyond the Heliopause: What can be Learned from Voyager in the Inner Heliosheath?, Astrophys. J., 761, 1, 17.

2010 [2]

[03] Herbst, K., A. Kopp, B. Heber, F. Steinhilber, H. Fichtner, K. Scherer and D. Matthiä, On the Importance of the Local Interstellar Spectrum for the Solar Modulation Parameter, Journal of Geophys. Res., 115, D00I20.

[02] Pilchowski, J., A. Kopp, K. Herbst, B. Heber, On the definition and calculation of a generalized McIlwain parameter, Astrophys. Space Sci. Trans., 6, 9 – 17.

2009 [1]

[01] Matthiä, D., et al., Temporal and spatial evolution of the solar energetic particle event on 20 January 2005 and resulting radiation doses in aviation, Journal of Geophys. Res., 114, A08104.